The Sloop is a small vessel with one mast and fore-and-aft rig.  The mainsail is attached to a gaff at the head of a boom at the foot and above is a gaff topsail can be set.  H Hudson River Sloop is Illustrated above.

The Brig is a vessel with two masts (fore and main), both of which are square rigged.  On the mainmast, there is a standing gaff to which is rigged a small fore-and-aft sail.  A snow was an early variant of the full-rigged Brig.

The Brigatine is a vessel with two masts (A class of Brig).  The foremast is made in three spars and square-rigged like that of the Brig.  The mainmast is made in two spars, and carries a fore-and-aft mainsail,  above which are two or three yards on which are carried a square main topsail & in the case of three yards, a top- Gallent Sail.  No sail is carried on the lower, or main yard.

The Hermaphodite Brig is a vessel with two masts (A Class of Brig).  The foremast is identical to that of the full-rigged brig.  The Mainmast is made in two spars and carries no yards. It has a fore-and-aft mainsail and a gaff topsail.

The Topsail Schooner is a two-masted vessel.  Both masts are made in two spars, but the lower foremast is a little shorter than the corresponding spar on the mainmast, and the topmast is a little longer.  The mainmast has a fore-and-aft mainsail and a gaff topsail identical to those of an ordinary Schooner.  The foremast and sails carried on it are exactly like the mainmast of a Brigadine.

The Three Masted Schooner is a vessel of two or more masts, fore-and-aft rigged.  The fore and main sails are suspended from gaffs and laced to booms on the foot of the sails, and gaff topsails were carried on each mast.

The Bark is a Three-Masted vessel with foremast and mainmast square-rigged, and the Mizzenmast fore-and-aft rigged.  The Mizzenmast carries no yards, there is a hoist-and-lower fore-and-aft sail and gaff topsail.

The Barketine is a vessel of at least three masts, differing from the Bark in the fore-and-aft rigging on its mainmast.  The foremast is made in three spars and is square-rigged, but the mainmast and Mizzenmast both carry hoist-and-lower mainsails and gaff topsails of the Schooner type. 

The addition of one or two Schooner-Rigged masts made the vessel a four or five masted Barketine.

The term “Ship” is properly restricted to the full-rigged ship, that is a large square-rigged vessel, carrying three masts, each of these being composed of a lower-mast, top mast and top gallent mast, with each being provided with yards and carrying a full complement of square sails.